This is the smartphone version. The earlier and fuller version, which discusses the Indonesian language as well, can be found here.
Lesson 35 Sudah (Denotes the past)
Click to listen to the Malay sentences.
A second reading (by Michelle Nor Ismat, a native speaker)
| I have eaten. | Saya sudah makan. |
| He has taken his bath. | Dia sudah mandi. |
| I am ready. | Saya sudah siap. |
| My daughter is (already) married. | Anak perempuan saya sudah kahwin. |
| Vocabulary
siap = to be ready anak = child anak perempuan = daughter anak lelaki = son |
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The Malay language has a very simple structure when you want to ask somebody if he has done something or not eg.
Have you eaten? Have you bathed? Have you paid?
You simply start the question with the word sudah followed by the relevant verb (eg. eat, bathe, pay) and finishing the question with belum (meaning "not yet").
Thus:
Have you eaten? = Sudah makan belum?
Have you bathed? = Sudah mandi belum?
Have you paid? = Sudah bayar belum?
Please note that "I have not eaten" cannot be translated as Saya tidak sudah makan. If you wish to say the opposite of sudah you have to replace sudah with belum (= "not yet") which has already been dealt with in Lesson 13.
A word that is often used in the place of sudah is telah. However telah is mainly used in the written form, not in the spoken.
Yet another word to indicate an action that took place in the past is pernah which will be explained in Lesson 53.